你应该已经注意到,在 Linux 中使用 ls 命令 列出的目录内容中,目录的大小仅显示 4KB。这个大小正确吗?如果不正确,那它代表什么,又该如何获取 Linux 中的目录或文件夹大小?这是一个默认的大小,是用来存储磁盘上存储目录的元数据的大小。
Linux 上有一些应用程序可以 获取目录的实际大小。其中,磁盘使用率(du
)命令已被 Linux 管理员广泛使用。
我将向您展示如何使用各种选项获取文件夹大小。
什么是 du 命令?
du 命令 表示 磁盘使用率 。这是一个标准的 Unix 程序,用于估计当前工作目录中的文件空间使用情况。
它使用递归方式总结磁盘使用情况,以获取目录及其子目录的大小。
如同我说的那样, 使用 ls
命令时,目录大小仅显示 4KB。参见下面的输出。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
| $ ls -lh | grep ^d
drwxr-xr-x 3 daygeek daygeek 4.0K Aug 2 13:57 Bank_Details drwxr-xr-x 2 daygeek daygeek 4.0K Mar 15 2019 daygeek drwxr-xr-x 6 daygeek daygeek 4.0K Feb 16 2019 drive-2daygeek drwxr-xr-x 13 daygeek daygeek 4.0K Jan 6 2019 drive-mageshm drwxr-xr-x 15 daygeek daygeek 4.0K Sep 29 21:32 Thanu_Photos
|
1) 在 Linux 上如何只获取父目录的大小
使用以下 du
命令格式获取给定目录的总大小。在该示例中,我们将得到 /home/daygeek/Documents
目录的总大小。
1 2 3 4
| $ du -hs /home/daygeek/Documents 或 $ du -h --max-depth=0 /home/daygeek/Documents/ 20G /home/daygeek/Documents
|
详细说明:
du
– 这是一个命令
-h
– 以易读的格式显示大小 (例如 1K 234M 2G)
-s
– 仅显示每个参数的总数
--max-depth=N
– 目录的打印深度
2) 在 Linux 上如何获取每个目录的大小
使用以下 du
命令格式获取每个目录(包括子目录)的总大小。
在该示例中,我们将获得每个 /home/daygeek/Documents
目录及其子目录的总大小。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
| $ du -h /home/daygeek/Documents/ | sort -rh | head -20
20G /home/daygeek/Documents/ 9.6G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek 6.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos 5.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/Camera 5.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-videos 3.2G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm 2.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-Photos 2.2G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month 916M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm/Tanisha 454M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm/2g-backup 415M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Video 300M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Jan-2017 288M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Oct-2017 226M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Sep-2017 219M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Documents 213M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm/photos 163M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Video/Sent 161M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Images 154M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/June-2017 150M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Nov-2016
|
3) 在 Linux 上如何获取每个目录的摘要
使用如下 du
命令格式仅获取每个目录的摘要。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
| $ du -hs /home/daygeek/Documents/* | sort -rh | head -10
9.6G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek 6.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos 3.2G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm 756K /home/daygeek/Documents/Bank_Details 272K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-TouchInterface1.png 172K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-NightLight.png 164K /home/daygeek/Documents/ConfigServer Security and Firewall (csf) Cheat Sheet.pdf 132K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-Todo.png 112K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-ZorinAutoTheme.png 96K /home/daygeek/Documents/distro-info.xlsx
|
4) 在 Linux 上如何获取每个目录的不含子目录的大小
使用如下 du
命令格式来展示每个目录的总大小,不包括子目录。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
| $ du -hS /home/daygeek/Documents/ | sort -rh | head -20
5.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/Camera 5.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-videos 2.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-Photos 1.5G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm 831M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm/Tanisha 454M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm/2g-backup 300M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Jan-2017 288M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Oct-2017 253M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Video 226M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Sep-2017 219M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Documents 213M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm/photos 163M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Video/Sent 154M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/June-2017 150M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Nov-2016 127M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Dec-2016 100M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Oct-2016 94M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Nov-2017 92M /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos/WhatsApp Images 90M /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek/Thanu-photos-by-month/Dec-2017
|
5) 在 Linux 上如何仅获取一级子目录的大小
如果要获取 Linux 上给定目录的一级子目录(包括其子目录)的大小,请使用以下命令格式。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
| $ du -h --max-depth=1 /home/daygeek/Documents/
3.2G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm 4.0K /home/daygeek/Documents/daygeek 756K /home/daygeek/Documents/Bank_Details 9.6G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek 6.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos 20G /home/daygeek/Documents/
|
6) 如何在 du 命令输出中获得总计
如果要在 du
命令输出中获得总计,请使用以下 du
命令格式。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
| $ du -hsc /home/daygeek/Documents/* | sort -rh | head -10
20G total 9.6G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-2daygeek 6.3G /home/daygeek/Documents/Thanu_Photos 3.2G /home/daygeek/Documents/drive-mageshm 756K /home/daygeek/Documents/Bank_Details 272K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-TouchInterface1.png 172K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-NightLight.png 164K /home/daygeek/Documents/ConfigServer Security and Firewall (csf) Cheat Sheet.pdf 132K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-Todo.png 112K /home/daygeek/Documents/user-friendly-zorin-os-15-has-been-released-ZorinAutoTheme.png
|
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/find-get-size-of-directory-folder-linux-disk-usage-du-command/
作者:Magesh Maruthamuthu 选题:lujun9972 译者:lnrCoder 校对:wxy
本文由 LCTT 原创编译,Linux中国 荣誉推出